With the continuous improvement of modernization and living standards, people’s demands for the quality of power transmission, especially high-voltage transmission, are becoming increasingly stringent. Furthermore, given the current state of power transmission line maintenance in my country, awareness of transmission line maintenance must be heightened. Based on the importance, controllability, and maintainability of equipment, all units must integrate more efficient and comprehensive maintenance methods, combining fault repair, regular maintenance, and proactive maintenance to form a comprehensive maintenance approach. This proactive approach will ensure more scientific, modern, and rational management of power lines, minimize losses to the national economy, people’s lives, and property, and accelerate my country’s modernization.

Currently, existing wireless transmission methods in routine power line inspection and maintenance work are unable to meet the growing information transmission needs at all levels. This is reflected in the following: First, there are more narrowband transmission methods than broadband transmission methods. Existing wireless private network systems primarily transmit single content, such as voice and text messages, using shortwave and trunking. Furthermore, interoperability between terminals is poor, and wireless transmission methods for multimedia information, such as text, images, and graphics, are relatively limited. Second, there are more fixed backbone transmission methods than mobile terminal transmission methods. Fixed backbone transmission primarily relies on optical fiber and satellite, forming multiple routes and loops. A single route outage does not affect backbone transmission. Mobile terminal transmission still relies primarily on shortwave, ultra-shortwave, or public networks. These methods suffer from narrow bandwidth, difficult control, and high requirements, making them unable to meet the emerging demands for wireless transmission of large amounts of data at the terminal.

Traditional communication architectures based on central nodes lack flexibility and autonomous relay capabilities, making them inadequate for complex scenarios (such as within urban complexes, in basements, and in tunnels). In recent years, decentralized self-organizing networking (SANET) technology has matured and gained widespread application. With its advantages of self-organization and self-recovery, multi-hop automatic relaying, and lack of a central hub, SANET has significantly improved the reliability, environmental adaptability, and practicality of emergency communication systems. SANET (also known as mesh networking) is a networking technology based on the principle of “equality and independence” for all nodes. Nodes are independent of each other, and networking and data transmission are achieved through negotiation. Compared to existing central node-based networks, SANET’s key advantages are:

1) Robust Network: Capable of self-organization and self-recovery, the network offers high stability and reliability.

2) Easy Deployment and Installation: Independent of any key nodes, the network topology can be randomly deployed, enabling immediate operation with a single click.

3) Flexible Architecture: Automatic network link maintenance and route calculation are implemented. New nodes can be added and removed at any time without requiring configuration, ensuring high network flexibility.

4) Frequency Coordination: Nodes operate on the same frequency, effectively conserving spectrum resources.

5) Load Balancing: Based on real-time network load, the network automatically calculates and selects the appropriate end-to-end path, avoiding congested areas.

6) Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Transmission: Multi-hop technology ensures seamless coverage in NLOS scenarios.

Demand Analysis

1) To address communication challenges faced by small groups of workers performing drone-based power transmission line inspections in areas without public network coverage or with weak public network signals, and to enhance operational capabilities in various complex environments, the equipment must possess the following functions:

2) Ad hoc networking. This ensures network availability within a 3km radius, centered on a selected point, in areas without public network coverage.

3) Point-to-point functionality. Team members can communicate via voice and video using the ad hoc network and view the audio and video feeds of their surrounding teammates.

4) Multi-point functionality. Team leaders can view the audio and video feeds and other collected data of each team member in real time via a PAD or other platform.

5) Point-to-distant functionality. This allows frontline audio and video to be transmitted from individual soldier equipment to the on-site commander’s equipment, which can then be transmitted to the higher-level command center’s large screen. The on-site commander has administrative authority and can selectively push specific individual soldier audio and video feeds to the detachment command center’s large screen to be viewed by higher-level leaders. 6) Communication headsets must meet communication requirements in different combat environments.

MESH self-organizing network solution design

The overall solution utilizes a decentralized, self-organizing mesh network (MESH) approach. A specific number of self-organizing network nodes are deployed on power towers within designated transmission lines. Based on the actual site environment, the recommended height for these nodes is no less than 20 meters to ensure LAN wireless signal coverage within the designated area.
In practice, drones can move freely within the signal coverage area, and on-site audio and video footage can be transmitted back to the command center in real time via the self-organizing network link. On-site emergency maintenance vehicles can also serve as temporary command posts and interconnect with the command center. (The wireless network channel protocol is standard TCP/IP. Customers requiring specialized data transmission functions can simply comply with the above protocol.)

Features

With a decentralized, co-frequency network, all nodes are equal, allowing them to serve as terminal nodes, relay nodes, or central nodes, allowing for rapid wireless communication network establishment. Multi-node networking is fast and flexible, and co-frequency networking can support over 60 nodes. The MESH wireless ad hoc network system supports any network topology, including point-to-multipoint, chain relay, mesh networks, and hybrid networks, enabling high-bandwidth, fast data movement. The MESH wireless ad hoc network system boasts a peak data bandwidth of 96Mbps (based on a 20MHz carrier bandwidth). External filters effectively suppress out-of-band harmonic interference, improving signal robustness and signal-to-noise ratio. The MESH wireless ad hoc network system offers strong multipath mitigation capabilities and supports automatic wireless relay transmission. All nodes in the system support multi-hop relay communication, adapting to a variety of terrain and application scenarios.

The MESH wireless ad hoc network system is also disaster-resistant, ensuring that even a single node failure will not impact the overall network. Security and confidentiality are ensured by configuring the operating frequency, bandwidth, communication distance, and networking mode.

The MESH wireless ad hoc networking system utilizes an all-IP design concept and currently supports transparent transmission of all types of data, making it easy to interconnect with other heterogeneous communication systems and enabling real-time multimedia interaction. Supporting multiple services, the MESH wireless ad hoc networking system supports real-time transmission of voice, images, data, and positioning information (GPS/Beidou).

Airborne equipment scenario application

Power maintenance

To ensure interoperability between aerial workers and ground control personnel, operators use professional wireless networking terminals to transmit real-time images of the aerial lines to the ground control platform. This also allows for voice communication between the tower and the ground, ensuring that ground control personnel can make timely operational decisions based on the video footage. This allows for real-time and effective supervision of aerial workers’ legitimate and rational operations, significantly improving line maintenance efficiency and ensuring the safety of aerial workers.

Public Security Police

Multi-network converged emergency command software enables emergency response functions such as establishing emergency response teams, user clustering, video calling, emergency clustering, video conferencing, and electronic maps. In the event of a major emergency, the command center can obtain real-time information about the location of frontline personnel and surrounding conditions. Furthermore, emergency command and dispatch provides flexible dispatch methods. Each department or unit can establish an emergency dispatch team, with commanders directly directing team members. Team members can communicate with each other, and frontline personnel can report directly to the commander as needed. On-site video can also be transmitted back to the commander in real time, achieving flattened command of emergency operations.

Fire and Rescue

Once a fire breaks out, every second matters, endangering property and personal safety. This is especially true after firefighters enter the scene. Commanders must quickly establish communication channels with firefighters, ensuring both the fastest possible firefighting and the full safety of firefighters. Through the emergency dispatch console, the command center can quickly understand the location of the incident, the real-time on-site situation, the surrounding police deployment, and the status of reinforcements. Based on this information, they can quickly establish their incident response team, arrive at the scene as soon as possible, and optimally arrange response personnel, methods, and containment routes to quickly address emergencies. This critical role in firefighting and rescue efforts ensures rapid rescue decision-making and protects life and property.

Civil Air Defense Emergency

Through the emergency command system, the civil air defense emergency department can quickly obtain first-hand information on the scene in the event of major accidents and disasters (fire, lightning, typhoon, flood, etc.), support emergency rescue teams, and quickly formulate emergency plans and evacuation measures, effectively reducing casualties or property losses caused by disasters and maintaining social stability.